Dedicated to my late brave, beautiful and silly mummy, Debra Ross. I love you mumster.

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KDE user moving his main machine to GNOME

UPDATE: In fact I’m now trialling Xfce once again for my primary desktop because it satisfies all the criteria I outlined below as well as GNOME does, while being much more light weight.

It’s funny, I’m really only this fickle when it comes to software!

With a somewhat heavy heart and conscience I moved my primary desktop from KDE to GNOME this week.

My GNOME desktop
Yes, that’s CC from Code Geass, the anime series Felix and I are watching!

While I think I still prefer KDE as a desktop environment, I think Gnome is more practical for what I do right now. Aside from Amarok and Ktorrent, virtually all the applications I use on a daily basis are GTK+ based, such as Gnumeric, Abiword, The Gimp, Gnucash, gEdit, Thunar (from Xfce, another nice DE), Firefox, Thunderbird… I could go on.

It is really nice to have a consistent user interface for the first time, where my applications and the desktop work and look the same. Having used GTK+ applications on KDE and Mac OS X for many, many years, it’s certainly a refreshing experience.

GTK apps running in GNOME
Too many GTK+ apps running in GNOME

On the whole I also prefer the simple design methodology behind a lot of what the GNOME people are doing. Despite Linus Torvald’s vocal opposition to it, I believe working hard to make interfaces simpler is an admiral goal.

I’ve still got KDE 3.5.9 on my Athlon XP desktop, but I guess I could say I’m a GNOME user now. For what it’s worth, this is another reason why I love using free and open source software, if I don’t like a particular user interface or environment, or I choose to use a another one, it is completely in my power to just slot in a different one. It’s fantastic!

Zip and rar archives in Gnome

It’s been a few days since I started using Gnome on my primary desktop, and I think I’m starting to get used to it. More on that will be in another post.

One problem I encountered after compiling gnome2 from ports on FreeBSD is that File Roller (labeled Archive Manager on the Gnome menu) has difficulty with zip and rar files. If you open one, it spits out an error message similar to this:

Could not open SpywareWriterForWindowsHehe.zip
Archive type not supported

The problem stems from File Roller not being able to find the right command line utilities. Others may work, but I’ve found success by installing the aptly-named unzip and unrar from ports:

# portsnap fetch update
# cd /usr/ports/archivers/unzip && make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/archivers/unrar && make install clean
% echo "Burchfield Nines was one of his best albums"

You can install the packages if you prefer, though honestly even my Pentium MMX machine was able to make light work of them.

# pkg_add -rv unzip
# pkg_add -rv unrar

For what it’s worth, you can just as easily use these command line tools on the… command line, to extract files from zip and rar archives:

% unzip -jv archive.zip
% unrar -ev archive.rar

FreeBSD on an Armada M300 rocks

If you remember back a few weeks ago I posted that I had inherited a Compaq Armada M300 subnotebook. It’s no MacBook Air in the design department, but without optical and floppy disk drives, it’s very lightweight and small. It’s also several years old and has very conservative specs (600MHz Mobile PIII from 2002!) though, so it certainly won’t be running Windows Vista any time soon… which is just fine because my favourite OS (for non-Apple hardware of course!) is FreeBSD.

My new (at least to me!) Compaq Armada M300 subnotebook

Before I go any further I have to say this right up front: FreeBSD in the mobile space has come a long way. Despite my preference for the BSDs I always told people up until recently that they were better off running a flavour of Linux such as Slackware or Gentoo (my two preferred distributions) if they wanted to run a free OS that was a bit more technical and capable on their laptops.

Not any more! I popped in a home burned CD of the latest release of FreeBSD (7.0-RELEASE) and booted the installer and was absolutely blown away by the hardware support. Not only did it detect the internal 10/100 ethernet port and the ATI graphics but the PCMCIA wireless card which has always been iffy in past experiences. After installing, booting for the first time, updating the base system, installing Gnome2-lite from ports and configuring Xorg I had a slick and completely usable desktop (rearranged to resemble Leopard of course!):

Gnome on FreeBSD on an Armada M300

What also really blows me away is how responsive all the applications are, especially on a fully fledged DE like Gnome (which itself only takes a few seconds to start) and on such conservative hardware: granted I almost tripled the amount of built in memory from 128MiB to 320MiB and installed a new hard drive with a much larger cache than the previous stock!

I can really see myself using this instead of my MacBook Pro in settings such as coffee shops or for lectures where I’m only running a local wiki for note taking, editing source code and using email; the marketing for the Asus EeePC and the MacBook Air is starting to sink in it seems! I could have used Xfce, Fluxbox or the like, but I’m so impressed with Gnome’s performance as is, currently I don’t see the need.

I’m still in the early stages of setting this machine up with its new OS and DE, but I’ll post more information as I find out. On my current to do list: figure out if and how the "soft buttons" above the regular keyboard can be used somehow, getting high resolution console support compiled into the kernel and figuring out how to adjust the screen brightness on the fly. I haven’t tested the built-in modem yet as I haven’t needed it, but potentially getting that set up to send faxes would be useful too.

Cutting Mono out of GNOME on FreeBSD

Despite many people writing up detailed, phone-book length blog posts vehemently saying Mono isn’t a necessary or an integrated part of GNOME (who are they trying to convince, us or themselves?), the simple reality is that most package managers do treat it as such, including FreeBSD’s ports system.

GNOME Terminal running in FreeBSD showing the removal of Mono

If you installed GNOME either with the gnome2 metaport or metapackage you’ll get Mono and Monodocs, which if you have a problem with Microsoft’s patent litigation or just don’t like seeing Microsoft get their claws into free software, you can remove (albeit with a warning you have to supress with the -f switch):

  1. # pkg_info | grep mono
  2. # pkg_delete -f mono-x.x.x.x

I’m mostly a KDE and Xfce person trying out GNOME as my DE for a week, so I’m by no means an authority on its package requirements. That said though, having removed Mono on Friday and using the bundled applications I haven’t had any issues at all. Obviously I won’t be using Banshee or Tomboy, but I didn’t need them anyway!

Richard Stallman at the launch of the GPL v3
Richard Stallman at the launch of the GPL v3

For those who don’t know, Mono is an open source implementation of Microsoft’s .Net framework. I don’t agree with a few of the things Richard Stallman says, but his summary of why Mono is problematic hits the issue right on the head:

Mono is a free implementation of Microsoft’s language C#. Microsoft has declared itself our enemy and we know that Microsoft is getting patents on some features of C#. So I think it’s dangerous to use C#, and it may be dangerous to use Mono. There’s nothing wrong with Mono. Mono is a free implementation of a language that users use. It’s good to provide free implementations. We should have free implementations of every language. But, depending on it is dangerous, and we better not do that.

And my own argument can be described in three words and a phrase: embrace, extend, extinguish, and those who don’t learn from history are destined to make the same mistakes.

I guess it just bothers me that more people aren’t bothered by Mono. It would be useful if people were using it to migrate existing software they had spent time and money on over on Windows, but creating software from scratch with it just doesn’t sit well with me.

All this said though, this is another great thing about the free and open source software world on the desktop, if I don’t like a particular application or the language/framework it’s been written in, I can slot in an alternative free application that I prefer. For example, who needs Mono-encumbered Banshee when there’s the gorgeously designed Exaile written in Python!

Sleek Openbox in KDE on FreeBSD

We all readily admit that KDE is the greatest desktop environment ever developed for BSD, Linux, Solaris and other Unix-like operating systems, but that’s not to say it can be improved by, or complimented with, other software.

ASIDE: Some people may not agree with my statement that KDE is the greatest desktop environment ever developed for Unix-like operating systems. I readily admit that Xfce is also very nice, especially when you’re using lots of GTK+ applications.

If you’re a GNOME person, well I guess we can’t all be perfect ;-)

Case in point, the Openbox window manager. Window managers draw the widgets, title bars, resize handles and other elements onto application windows. Desktop environments such as KDE, GNOME or Xfce bundle their own window managers along with software developed specifically for their environments, such as Konqueror for KDE.

Despite this bundling, it it is possible to replace the default window manager with one that you choose. You may do this to reduce memory usage, change functionality, or even just for a different visual style.

Openbox running in KDE (with Amarok listening to Whole Wheat Radio!)
Openbox running in KDE (with Amarok listening to Whole Wheat Radio!)

To use Openbox instead of Kwin in KDE on a FreeBSD (or similarly configured) machine:

  1. Update your ports tree, then
    cd /usr/ports/x11-wm/openbox/ && make install clean.
    Alternatively, just install the package with pkg_add -rv openbox
  2. Open the .xinitrc config file in your home directory
  3. Comment out # exec startkde (add a pound sign / hash)
  4. Add exec openbox-kde-session

For NetBSD, you’ll want to update pkgsrc then /usr/pkgsrc/wm/openbox/ && make install clean clean-depends instead in step 1.

To make it easier to change visual themes, the layout of the widgets and so forth, you might also want to install the ObConf tool which is also available in FreeBSD Ports and in NetBSD’s pkgsrc.

KDE user tries Gnome after 8 years!

Since as long as I can remember [the time after the accident], I’ve been a KDE and Xfce user on Linux, and later FreeBSD. From what I can tell from the CDs in my folders from that period my first exposure to FLOSS was the now defunct Red Hat Linux back in the 90’s; and I remember feeling more comfortable navigating KDE than the default Gnome. Purple monkey dishwasher.

Gnome installed on FreeBSD

Anyway yesterday as part of a project I was installing FreeBSD from scratch on my Athlon XP machine (I find that name offensive!). I had to use the GTK+ for it, so naturally I was just going to install Xfce. Just for fun though because I’m such a wild, crazy loco I thought after all these years to install Gnome from ports to see how it has progressed since the old days:

Things certainly have changed, and I am impressed! It’s obviously not as zippy as Xfce, and I’ll certainly be keeping the latter on my older machines, but Gnome worked very nicely on said Athlon XP:

Gnome on FreeBSD

As a long time KDE user one of the first things I noticed about Gnome was the general lack of clutter in the menus. KDE lets you customise anything, and it doesn’t try to hide the fact. Gnome by comparison seems to only make the most common commands visible and makes you use Regedit-isque programs like the Gnome Configuration Editor to change the nitty gritty details. I’m torn over which methadology I prefer; there is something to be said about changing everything you want, but it also seems a tad redundant to have all these options available when often you’ll only be changing them once to your tastes, then leaving them alone.

Intrigued by what I saw so far I installed Gnome on my production machine (my MacBook Pro’s FreeBSD partition) as well to see how well it handled the rough and tumble of real world usage:

Haruhi Gnome on FreeBSD

I really hate to say it, but it seemed more reliable than KDE. Sometimes programs in KDE for no reason would exit and give me the colorful exploding bomb image saying the program quit unexpectedly, but I have yet to have a program quit on me in Gnome. Touch wood ;) .

In terms of bundled applications, I am a fan of *NIX Desktop Environments because they come with everything out of the box , so I don’t have to worry about installing and constantly maintaining disparate packages just to get basic desktop functionality. In that regard a default Gnome install is somewhat leaner than a default KDE install; it seems Gnome is more selective but still bundles everything you need.

Nautilus sure has changed! I remember the last time I used Gnome all those years ago Nautilus was just starting out and it was slow as molasses going uphill while attached to a snail. I am a fan of Konqueror but I was impressed with Nautilus; I was able to browse a simple Secure FTP server, Samba and local directories very easily:

Nautilus on Gnome on FreeBSD

Unlike Konqueror though Nautilus can’t web browse, though Epiphany fills the gap pretty nicely. The advantage with Ephiphany being powered by Gecko is that more websites seem to like it. I was initally turned off by the Internet Explorer 6-ish toolbar layout, but a quick toolbar reshuffle by moving the address bar up to the same level as the buttons and removing all but the Back, Forward, Refesh and Stop buttons brought it closer to what I like. I use del.icio.us for bookmarking, but if I were to use local bookmarks I’m sure I’d appreciate the use of Categories to sort links instead of rigid folders. Seems everything is moving to categories and tags thesedays.

So am I a Gnome convert? I’m not sure; if anything now I’m more confused than I am before over which I prefer! I guess that’s the real beauty of open source software; as a FreeBSD user (or a Linux user) I’m not forced to use any one environment.

My other *NIX desktop environment related posts: